St Kitts and Its History of Sugar Cane Production

If you visit St Kitts, it's nearly impossible to escape the fact that sugarcane production had a major effect on the island, as this influential part of its history is still present in a number of factories and plantation homes which have been beautifully restored and are now open to the public.

Sugarcane production reached its peak in the late 1700s, but declined in the following centuries, and nearly ceased production completely during the 20th century. Although its production had been responsible for bringing much of the wealth into St Kitts, the availability of sugar beet in Europe and the emancipation of slaves, combined with the number of countries choosing to produce their own sugar cane all contributed to the downfall of this industry.

The problem was that St Kitts used to be highly reliant on the industry which nearly became extinct in 1912, as it used to be a major part of the economy.

It was saved at that stage by the opening of the central sugar factory which was capable of processing the islands entire crop, replacing mills and boiling houses on individual plantations.

The timing was perfect, as the price of sugar soared during the First World War. However this reprieve was to be temporary and the sugarcane industry continued its gentle decline before all sugar estates were nationalised in 1974.

In 2005 production ceased completely and the island began to concentrate more fully on its burgeoning tourism industry. Nowadays the central sugar factory is designated as being a national treasure and major heritage site, and remains as a reminder of this part of St Kitts history.